Understanding Autism and Asperger’s

Autism and Asperger’s can feel like overwhelming terms when you’re trying to understand how to best support a loved one. This guide has been created to break things down into simple language, so you feel more informed and empowered to take the next steps, whether for a child, teenager or adult.

What is Autism?

Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a lifelong developmental condition that affects how a person experiences the world. It can influence how someone communicates, interacts with others, processes information, and reacts to sensory input.

Autism is called a "spectrum" because it varies so much from person to person. Some people may need a lot of support in their daily lives, while others may live more independently but still face certain challenges.

What is Asperger’s?

Asperger’s was once diagnosed separately from autism, usually describing individuals with average or above-average intelligence and fewer difficulties with language. However, it is now understood as part of the autism spectrum. So, instead of using "Asperger’s syndrome" as a diagnosis, most professionals now refer to this as being on the autism spectrum without language delay or intellectual disability.

How Does Autism Affect a Person?

Autism can affect people in different ways, including:

• Communication – Some people may be non-verbal, while others may speak fluently but struggle with back-and-forth conversations or understanding social cues like tone of voice or body language.

• Social Interaction – They may find it hard to make friends, prefer to play alone, or feel overwhelmed in group settings.

• Repetitive Behaviours – This could be routines, habits, or repeating the same movements or phrases.

• Sensory Sensitivities – Lights, sounds, textures, or smells might feel too intense or, in some cases, hardly noticeable.

Some people with autism also have special interests or excel in specific areas such as art, maths, music, or technology.

What Causes Autism?

The exact cause of autism isn’t known, but it is generally accepted to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It’s important to remember that nothing a parent or caregiver did or didn’t do causes autism.

Can Autism Be Treated?

Autism isn’t something that needs to be “cured”, but support and therapies can help a person live a happy, fulfilled life. This might include:

• Speech and language therapy

• Occupational therapy

• Support with emotional regulation or anxiety

• Educational support

• Social skills coaching

• Sensory integration therapy

The right support depends on the person’s individual needs. Early intervention can make a big difference, but it’s never too late to start.

How Can Someone Be Helped and Supported?

Support can look different for everyone, and might include:

• A calm, structured environment

• Understanding their triggers and needs

• Visual schedules or tools to aid communication

• Building on their strengths and interests

• Helping others around them to understand autism better

• Encouraging independence at their pace

Listening to the person and involving them in decisions is key. Family support, education, and finding the right care providers can also have a major impact on wellbeing.

Where to Get a Diagnosis or Professional Help

If you think someone you care about might be on the autism spectrum, speak to your GP, school or local authority. Assessment usually involves a team of specialists such as psychologists, speech and language therapists, or paediatricians.

You can also explore the following trusted organisations for help and guidance:

• National Autistic Society

• NHS Autism Support

• Ambitious About Autism

• Autistica

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How Care Finder Assist Can Help?

While we don’t diagnose or treat autism, Care Finder Assist helps families find the right support when care is needed – from specialist residential homes to supported living and bespoke care arrangements. Whether it’s helping a young adult transition to independent living or finding the right provider for ongoing support, we make the search less stressful by doing the hard work for you. Book your free consultation here.

Need More Support?

• Browse our Resources and Blog for more simple guides and care advice.

• If you’re looking for care options tailored to autism, give us a call or get in touch – we’re here to help.

• Don’t forget to subscribe for regular updates, tips and support delivered straight to your inbox.

  
  

Disclaimer: This article is intended as a basic guide only and should not replace professional medical or diagnostic advice. For a full diagnosis or treatment plan, please speak to a qualified health professional or contact the organisations listed above.

Care Finder Assist does not offer medical advice but helps families find suitable care providers when care support is needed.